CSS provides the style of a website.

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What Is CSS?
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The background property lets you use images and colors to create backgrounds for your web pages.

Background Color Example

The background color property allows you to choose the color of your element. This can be the background for the entire page or the background of one section of your page.

Basic CSS examples, including background colors, fonts, flexbox, grid, and more.
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16 Professional Free CSS and HTML Editors. Resources. Tools Nataly Birch. June 21, 2020. 14 minutes READ. CSS or Cascading Style Sheets is a particular type of web language that is used in order to describe the different semantics (that is the get up as well as the presentation) of a particular document.

An element is a piece of HTML such as a header or paragraph on a web page.

Here is an example of setting the background color for a web page to green.

Tip: To create a 2-column layout, change the width to 50%. To create a 4-column layout, use 25%, etc. Tip: Do you wonder how the @media rule works?Read more about it in our CSS Media Queries chapter. As we have mentioned before, CSS is a language for specifying how documents are presented to users — how they are styled, laid out, etc. A document is usually a text file structured using a markup language — HTML is the most common markup language, but you may also come across other markup languages such as SVG or XML.

Here is an example of setting the colors for two elements. This will set the background of the header to purple and the rest of the page to blue.

In CSS, color can be defined in three ways:

A valid color name such as blue
A HEX value such as #FFFFF (This is the hex value for white.)
An RGB value such as rgb(76,175,80) (This is the RGB value for light green.)

Background Images

You can use the background image property to set an image as a background for an element. The image is repeated by default so that it covers the entire element.

You can also link pictures or gifs that you find online by using their link (for example, from a Google Images search).

Background Image - The Repeat Property

The background image is repeated both vertically (up and down) and horizontally (across the web page) by default. You can use the background-repeat property to repeat the image vertically or horizontally.

Here is an example that repeats the image vertically:

You can repeat the image horizontally by setting the background-repeat property to “repeat-x”.

You can also use the background-repeat property to set an image to not repeat.

Background Image – The Position Property

You can use the position property to specify where your image will be located on a web page.

Background Image – The Fixed Position

You can use the background-attachment property to set an image to a fixed position. A fixed position makes it so an image does not scroll with the rest of the page.

Background Gradients

A gradient is a transition between two or more colors and can be used via CSS similar to a background image.

The syntax of a gradient background can be quite complex and is often still used with vendor prefixes due to inconsistencies between supported browsers.

The Colorzilla Gradient Editor is a great online tool for generating custom gradients and the associated CSS markup.

Background – The Shorthand Property

You can write the background properties on a single line. This is called the shorthand property.

You can leave out properties you don’t need when using the shorthand property, but the properties must be used in a certain order. The order is:

color
image
repeat
attachment
position

Multiple Background Images

You can specify multiple background images in a single background property.

The first image (or gradient) specified is the uppermost, the second comes after, and so on. If one of the elements is not correct due to its URL or its syntax, the whole line will be ignored by the browser.

Some Basic Background Properties of CSS

The CSS background properties are used to define the background effects for elements.

CSS background properties: background-color, background-image, background-repeat, background-attachment, background-position

CSS Breakpoint Example

A CSS Breakpoint is a specific point in which a website’s layout changes, based on a Media Query becoming active.

Generally, you specify a breakpoint when you want to re-adapt the website’s layout to the browser viewport’s size; mostly, to the viewport’s width.

For example, if your website content looks great on a narrow viewport (like on a smart-phone browser), but it starts to look bad on bigger screens (e.g. maybe the fonts’ size are too small and difficult to read), then you might want to introduce a new breakpoint for bigger screens that makes the fonts bigger:

CSS Breakpoints can be considered to be the heart of responsive web design, because they define how the content behaves or is arranged at a different device width/scale. This allows you to show the best possible layout to the user.

Setting Break Points

Breakpoints are broadly set on the basis of either of the following:

Breakpoints based on device width
Breakpoints based on content

Breakpoints based on device width

It’s quite apparent that all of our devices don't have same screen widths/sizes. It is now a design decision to include a set of particular devices and code the CSS rules accordingly.

We already have enough devices to worry about, and when a new one comes out with a different width, going back to your CSS and adding a new breakpoint all over again is time-consuming.

Here’s an example:

With this approach, you will end up having a huge list of media queries.

Breakpoints based on Content

This is the preferred choice while making or writing the breakpoint rules. Because it is easier to adjust your content according a particular layout only when it requires a change.

This breakpoint means the CSS will apply when the device width is 768px and above.

You can also set a range with breakpoints, so the CSS will only apply within those limits.

Note Always try to create breakpoints based on your own content, not devices. Break them to a logical width rather than a random width and keep them to a manageable number, so modifying remains simple and clear.

CSS breakpoints are useful when you want to update styles based on the screen size. For example, from a device measuring 1200px width and above, use the font-size: 20px;, or else use the font-size: 16px;.

What we have started with is from devices greater than 1200px, a common laptop screen’s width. You may also have noticed that we mentioned ‘greater than’, meaning that we are in a way using something like an ’if-then’ statement.

Let’s turn it into CSS code:

For our convenience, we write down the .text1 basic styling first… then afterwards we will specify the @media rules.

Tip: you may see on a common CSS Framework called ‘Bootstrap’, that they have adopted ‘min-width’ and upin their Bootstrap v4.0, as compared to their old Bootstrap v3.0 using ‘max-width’ and down. This is only a preference, and there is nothing wrong with saying ’this size and less than’ versus ’this size and greater than’.

It is perfectly fine to use @media (max-width) {} . Here is an example:

Breakpoints that are based on content as opposed to device are less complicated. Here’s a simple snippet that triggers when the device’s width is upward of code 700px, roughly smart-phone screen sized

You can also set a minimum and maximum width, which let

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